{"id":"W3015282939","doi":"10.1177/1354068820911345","title":"A nonpartisan legislative chamber: The influence of the Canadian Senate","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Party Politics","topic":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":11,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Legislature; Extant taxon; Legislative process; Parliament; Political science; Leverage (statistics); Public administration; Cohesion (chemistry); Politics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002504291,0.0001708545,0.0003056947,0.001849261,0.007148831,0.002679206,0.0009014304,0.0004113743,0.005399161],"category_scores_gemma":[0.008442561,0.0001369291,0.0002409873,0.00230147,0.002895419,0.0006726108,0.001809593,0.000666065,0.00031681],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02991586,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02950967,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9654305,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9898993,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969288,0.0007101896,0.00004963938,0.0003439354,0.001135604,0.0008319504],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9943814,0.001083831,0.0007833783,0.0002831788,0.002020979,0.001447187],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005208427,0.0001597558,0.8018668,0.0001327363,0.000219161,0.0003857956,0.04201902,0.001276059,0.004114599,0.04626948,0.01370924,0.08932648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000009211821,0.00003697457,0.9592077,0.00004793438,0.00005738915,0.00004509585,0.01228623,0.000628988,0.0005009341,0.0006335493,0.02651262,0.00003348683],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8872227,0.0006235254,0.0006367945,0.002224267,0.00004321359,0.00004146298,0.0005745203,0.00001845296,0.1086151],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.996307,0.0001191296,0.0001326819,0.0001060537,0.000009226339,0.000005352465,0.00009679347,0.000005993339,0.00321767],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0345695,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2170558,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05486715610533609,"score_gpt":0.3241658682377251,"score_spread":0.269298712132389,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}