{"id":"W3016755393","doi":"10.5539/ijel.v10n4p21","title":"The Pronominal Element in Arabic Copular Clauses","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of English Linguistics","topic":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","field":"Arts and Humanities","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Predicative expression; Linguistics; Noun; Predicate (mathematical logic); Ambiguity; Element (criminal law); Identity (music); Dependent clause; Arabic; Computer science; Determiner; Realization (probability); Relative clause; Mathematics; Philosophy; Law; Political science; Sentence; Programming language","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004685811,0.000115881,0.0001727265,0.00009170337,0.00009668573,0.0003196266,0.0005133575,0.00003096922,0.0001712354],"category_scores_gemma":[0.08517801,0.00008917155,0.00008946869,0.00002721329,0.00009901859,0.00005587361,0.00005843553,0.0002886823,0.00001458805],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001260212,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001292145,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005817229,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002729672,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9983937,0.00005127511,0.0007800239,0.0001085329,0.0005107589,0.0001557521],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9878414,0.0003296073,0.000537554,0.00008474978,0.01113123,0.00007544871],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002423737,0.0001361123,0.00447976,0.00001731136,0.0002332386,0.00009629881,0.03689692,0.0006334923,0.000004713796,0.9499843,0.005935448,0.001340037],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008412516,0.0001714307,0.0005468981,0.00007714368,0.00005226586,0.000001192209,0.006426455,0.001510578,0.0001078673,0.02675965,0.9633592,0.0001460323],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"editorial","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2751352,0.002093212,0.003827425,0.06550665,0.3926389,0.001447705,0.0003146935,0.0002397403,0.2587965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9495921,0.00005303853,0.000535074,0.000406996,0.04931596,0.000002308064,0.000007231268,0.00001590393,0.00007143153],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9574238,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9225279,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03089348661497497,"score_gpt":0.2642133692021141,"score_spread":0.2333198825871391,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}