{"id":"W3016811958","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3504065","title":"An Axiomatic Approach to Credit Rating","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Credit Risk and Financial Regulations","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Waterloo","funders":"","keywords":"Credit rating; Bond credit rating; Axiom; Actuarial science; Axiomatic system; Business; Economics; Econometrics; Mathematics; Credit reference; Credit risk","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003840949,0.0005644966,0.0007040959,0.001917063,0.001842882,0.004281094,0.002265546,0.002435907,0.01138575],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0136488,0.0006740562,0.00130965,0.001547277,0.004700419,0.009495924,0.002003595,0.004813276,0.002155685],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001530987,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001184407,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001959737,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001731739,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9959413,0.001743251,0.0003843482,0.0006172423,0.001112801,0.0002010978],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9911785,0.004429061,0.0005964029,0.001404983,0.002135316,0.0002556689],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000001720332,0.000005376297,0.00007710035,0.000007401587,0.000002539559,0.00001407351,0.00002547686,0.0003388417,0.00003153308,0.9960291,0.0009313981,0.002535359],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005481825,0.000004965918,0.0001047079,0.000006278892,0.000004292864,0.00006120677,0.00001344592,0.003944434,0.00004445882,0.9922315,0.003573692,0.000005579856],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.009864619,0.0006640554,0.8710978,0.01032263,0.0004479267,0.00007059209,0.0004317586,0.0002532515,0.1068474],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.6202784,0.001431523,0.3411175,0.002754494,0.001883574,0.0003092879,0.0005742818,0.0001175622,0.03153338],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01138575,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0380891,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01304233138886488,"score_gpt":0.2171772595771647,"score_spread":0.2041349281882998,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}