{"id":"W3017504127","doi":"10.1016/s2589-7500(20)30064-9","title":"Towards large-scale case-finding: training and validation of residual networks for detection of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using low-dose CT","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Lancet Digital Health","topic":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","field":"Medicine","cited_by":109,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"BC Cancer Agency; University of British Columbia; St. Paul's Hospital","funders":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","keywords":"COPD; Medicine; Receiver operating characteristic; Lung cancer; Cohort; Obstructive lung disease; Gold standard (test); Radiology; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001425152,0.00009235557,0.0003332354,0.00002189245,0.00008770527,0.00001348736,0.00003105401,0.00001812391,0.000001620826],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004484899,0.00006726337,0.00005394492,0.0001105611,0.00004944258,0.0001056794,0.00002440892,0.00007477011,1.023437e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001690846,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002399166,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00005984361,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001613721,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992519,0.00002620801,0.0002246477,0.0001705352,0.000112756,0.0002139332],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9994295,0.00009792041,0.0001715032,0.0001224363,0.00003917796,0.0001394679],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007732111,0.00126365,0.1664259,0.01222866,0.0006600759,0.0004959603,0.01663624,0.007501005,0.0006116325,0.0007318673,0.0003520967,0.7853608],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0220899,0.007858667,0.4917212,0.004794613,0.001468641,0.001844435,0.01086518,0.4354894,0.01877515,0.00301095,0.001211224,0.0008706568],"study_design_candidate":"design_other","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9938872,0.001564959,0.001722369,0.00167354,0.00007587197,0.0006684142,0.0003157387,0.000019669,0.00007218989],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990079,0.0001225687,0.000124348,0.00016687,0.0004698123,0.00002404659,0.00006575565,0.00001514345,0.000003596978],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7844901,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2742921,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.06728470244503233,"score_gpt":0.3410363714893342,"score_spread":0.2737516690443019,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}