{"id":"W3018321377","doi":"10.1109/smartnets48225.2019.9069788","title":"Evaluation of Deep Learning in Detecting Unknown Network Attacks","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":61,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ontario Tech University","funders":"","keywords":"Computer science; Benchmark (surveying); Artificial intelligence; Deep learning; Machine learning; Focus (optics); Denial-of-service attack; Sophistication; Binary classification; Artificial neural network; False positive rate; Data mining; Support vector machine; The Internet","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.005243015,0.002665089,0.0009599124,0.001520812,0.0004808684,0.000986082,0.001912301,0.001866875,0.001122157],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01167574,0.0004131404,0.0005381205,0.0008408133,0.0008080281,0.002072462,0.001355867,0.001535979,0.0005648416],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002184489,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001394643,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01988009,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01937618,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9976398,0.000836766,0.0002161432,0.0004662835,0.0005813426,0.0002597565],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9938274,0.00339528,0.0004263273,0.0005623047,0.001456671,0.0003320092],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002308885,0.001663957,0.02836127,0.000626687,0.0004602628,0.0002736052,0.0001010033,0.6965328,0.005518129,0.001427297,0.01189591,0.2508301],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004623296,0.0002795868,0.001580387,0.00002568819,0.00003029896,0.00003368572,0.0000353672,0.9930981,0.004050883,0.0003424099,0.0004661053,0.00001140639],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9352297,0.005994614,0.03938391,0.001754814,0.0006289997,0.0002764511,0.002578731,0.004283806,0.009868963],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9703837,0.0006254336,0.02197829,0.000273842,0.00005231034,0.00006638065,0.004387724,0.00006043929,0.002171998],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01988009,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03952873,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01994467954226293,"score_gpt":0.267123044602555,"score_spread":0.2471783650602921,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}