{"id":"W3020932405","doi":"10.1061/(asce)hy.1943-7900.0001773","title":"Expulsion of Entrapped Air in a Rapidly Filling Horizontal Pipe","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Hydraulic Engineering","topic":"Water Systems and Optimization","field":"Engineering","cited_by":31,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities; Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS; Fok Ying Tong Education Foundation; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Body orifice; Water hammer; Mechanics; Volume (thermodynamics); Secondary air injection; Airflow; Outflow; Inlet; Oscillation (cell signaling); Materials science; Geology; Meteorology; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Physics; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001395141,0.0001239839,0.0003103146,0.0001771425,0.000007562156,0.000009895823,0.0001221977,0.0000616828,0.00001078945],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003801662,0.0001169507,0.00009369232,0.0002492685,0.000004154314,0.0002231,0.00001373796,0.0002142641,0.000001872575],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00004508325,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001042313,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000004599615,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000003339891,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989941,0.00001015336,0.0005903998,0.00006718458,0.0001767738,0.0001614012],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996772,0.00002410354,0.0001004035,0.00006353205,0.00003626449,0.00009847779],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001109778,0.000008504519,0.0002335562,0.0001733427,0.00002458199,0.00003507692,0.001034257,0.9455885,0.05239677,0.000008359087,0.0001860097,0.0002999188],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009071658,0.0001688929,0.001293948,0.0004418796,0.00001597981,0.00004557632,0.0001619481,0.9332408,0.06164339,0.000003552678,0.001887641,0.0001892468],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7811957,0.001303944,0.2163749,0.0001357253,0.0005751073,0.0001005041,0.000001933234,0.00006335026,0.000248818],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9969056,0.00009729004,0.002691649,0.00001390118,0.0002561309,0.000001297426,0.000001204107,0.00002928625,0.000003596304],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.21571,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4769112,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006533078731049024,"score_gpt":0.1710531130332866,"score_spread":0.1645200343022376,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}