{"id":"W3021977075","doi":"","title":"The Education Premium in Canada and the United States","year":2001,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population Research Papers","topic":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Earnings; Economics; Political science; Accounting","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001823598,0.00005750981,0.0001430058,0.0001045838,0.0004618995,0.00006554547,0.00009896066,0.00002667861,0.00001434429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009949148,0.00004013379,0.00001765596,0.0001479217,0.0001638114,0.00009649609,0.00005646198,0.0001276616,7.887437e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002222236,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001363327,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9419476,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.8715178,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991657,0.0001173627,0.000329097,0.0001630375,0.00003710808,0.0001877524],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993824,0.0002956809,0.0001178049,0.0001261051,0.00003009667,0.00004795974],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008211558,0.00002250394,0.5693349,0.00001181959,0.00002267891,4.274783e-7,0.001273113,0.0007065424,0.000002076558,0.4210337,0.000125864,0.007384208],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0005476488,0.00001067295,0.8214808,0.00001058658,0.00000216071,8.627786e-7,0.00452659,0.02299006,6.222602e-7,0.1403278,0.01000081,0.0001014168],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9928619,0.0002045906,5.785957e-7,0.005346733,0.0001135661,0.0001554487,0.000025792,0.000003100685,0.001288311],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9980639,0.001428206,0.00001225718,0.0001383227,0.00003080759,0.00001305056,0.00004475903,0.000006129841,0.0002626343],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2807059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3552605,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03628509382511785,"score_gpt":0.2995921400137211,"score_spread":0.2633070461886033,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}