{"id":"W3022072219","doi":"10.1111/1468-2435.00098","title":"Distribution, Inequality and Concentration of Incomeamong Older Immigrants in Canada","year":2000,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Migration","topic":"Migration and Labor Dynamics","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Distribution (mathematics); Income distribution; Earnings; Quartile; Aggregate income; Total personal income; Demography; Population; Welfare; Demographic economics; Economics; Household income; Inequality; Economic inequality; Geography; Socioeconomics; Gross income; Sociology; Statistics; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000246488,0.00005339304,0.00007724401,0.00002385828,0.00006115596,0.0000264275,0.00008200735,0.00003842726,0.0005073512],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00009855561,0.00005680789,0.00001375331,0.0001607172,0.00005328236,0.0002472677,0.000005056293,0.00005221047,0.000001989022],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003564342,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0004793567,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9500966,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9983249,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991026,0.00009700744,0.0002796286,0.0001106886,0.0003166652,0.00009340307],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996266,0.00005615549,0.00008228129,0.00005059896,0.0001432762,0.00004103899],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003439235,0.00005319797,0.9430836,0.000006350129,0.00001083465,0.000001566405,0.0105216,0.0005418544,0.0001843574,0.02413057,0.0007775825,0.02065408],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003813026,0.000007308229,0.9709339,0.00002910291,0.000003425909,4.828872e-7,0.00255506,0.009415534,0.0001818587,0.0004379912,0.01595756,0.00009651511],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9954981,0.00003298845,0.0003077558,0.002201222,0.0001367026,0.0001273404,0.00009715795,0.000008348523,0.001590381],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989141,0.0002746596,0.00003083691,0.0001249485,0.00004404769,0.000007410662,0.000236465,0.000002322379,0.0003651713],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.0482283,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.555514,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.007229989091309725,"score_gpt":0.2644438954581612,"score_spread":0.2572139063668515,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}