{"id":"W3022268980","doi":"10.3386/w9188","title":"The Trick is to Live: Is the Estate Tax Social Security for the Rich?","year":2002,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia","funders":"","keywords":"Bequest; Estate tax; Estate; Economics; Annuity; Payment; Social security; Tax reform; Actuarial science; Monetary economics; Business; Finance; Life annuity; Ad valorem tax; Public economics; Pension; Market economy","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000942176,0.0003219368,0.0004781117,0.0006229467,0.001760343,0.003853567,0.0003854335,0.002197737,0.02887508],"category_scores_gemma":[0.006821079,0.0001550456,0.0002172084,0.001019829,0.003430553,0.00762991,0.001042918,0.002869117,0.005601007],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.001662256,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001314012,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007692232,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007190598,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995428,0.0001419507,0.0000132595,0.00007766856,0.0001451127,0.00007920655],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992839,0.0002094699,0.000107361,0.0001036867,0.0001566601,0.0001390243],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00004337268,0.0000255513,0.002065277,0.00005107457,0.0000142003,0.00007347264,0.0006163843,0.0002104658,0.0002213455,0.7246559,0.2042503,0.0677727],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001379835,0.00002839945,0.004250754,0.0003262004,0.00002205458,0.0002197626,0.002074715,0.0006708368,0.0004559387,0.4037516,0.5881513,0.00003467991],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"commentary","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.03069649,0.00855241,0.008178371,0.6992937,0.005535361,0.00002428139,0.00110017,0.0001945042,0.2464247],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.7286683,0.02160587,0.005393567,0.05027943,0.004716189,0.00007735069,0.000807439,0.0002686692,0.1881832],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02887508,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.09659678,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.2073984186947222,"score_gpt":0.444744850496685,"score_spread":0.2373464318019628,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}