{"id":"W3022811721","doi":"10.1111/iere.12022","title":"THE EVOLUTION OF EDUCATION: A MACROECONOMIC ANALYSIS","year":2013,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Economic Review","topic":"Economic Growth and Productivity","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":47,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Educational attainment; Human capital; Economics; Life expectancy; Distribution (mathematics); Demographic economics; Technological change; Population; Expectancy theory; Econometrics; Economic growth; Macroeconomics; Demography; Sociology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008654411,0.0003089775,0.0005325685,0.001265316,0.0005187834,0.00247221,0.0002994227,0.001293851,0.00291851],"category_scores_gemma":[0.002452153,0.0003038319,0.0008101707,0.001933064,0.0004706537,0.001416228,0.0008877435,0.001305134,0.0005117194],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002213959,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0006880167,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.01943807,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0103928,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997889,0.00005652837,0.00001234183,0.00004948544,0.00003713863,0.00005543464],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992544,0.0002662295,0.0002299614,0.00003565598,0.00009279212,0.0001210009],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003839195,0.0003334936,0.3387169,0.000338068,0.0004420437,0.001516443,0.0008217908,0.2752481,0.0017118,0.3062077,0.0282749,0.04600486],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001028566,0.0002396571,0.418386,0.0002876371,0.0003089604,0.000323195,0.0009775821,0.4582799,0.0005849487,0.07716101,0.04322831,0.0001200063],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8925314,0.01494677,0.01479192,0.02015211,0.0002818543,0.0001103977,0.006722873,0.0001971729,0.05026546],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9885707,0.004839536,0.0009099278,0.0002671927,0.0001716346,0.0000317259,0.001295965,0.00002292903,0.003890492],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.01943807,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03864986,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01773638636825472,"score_gpt":0.2500016159151688,"score_spread":0.2322652295469141,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}