{"id":"W3025705089","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20201006","title":"Artificial Intelligence in Health Care? Evidence from Online Job Postings","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AEA Papers and Proceedings","topic":"COVID-19 and healthcare impacts","field":"Medicine","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Salary; Health care; Psychology; Business; Data science; Internet privacy; Public relations; Medical education; Computer science; Medicine; Political science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.009758288,0.0002515472,0.0003776228,0.002469031,0.001592598,0.004580797,0.001305847,0.002239421,0.03143424],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1336174,0.000423312,0.0005437567,0.005607316,0.001704005,0.004475122,0.002987605,0.003455203,0.00356259],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008653401,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001718075,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0125972,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0109261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.989863,0.005649767,0.0008519101,0.0009893292,0.001686285,0.0009596734],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.6890143,0.2021909,0.07795452,0.009299167,0.00975038,0.01179079],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0008237734,0.001218464,0.8953851,0.001012361,0.0004629077,0.0002930975,0.006680986,0.000142183,0.00008041671,0.003248429,0.0259055,0.06474678],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001838162,0.0003755008,0.9533363,0.001765429,0.0002749346,0.0002629648,0.01246702,0.0005747417,0.0001522246,0.002617998,0.02793098,0.00005806042],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8172913,0.014761,0.0008898162,0.08700231,0.0007265763,0.0001896844,0.01033677,0.0000514259,0.0687511],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9806339,0.004558718,0.000569884,0.008736289,0.001161284,0.0001216469,0.001543974,0.00003925871,0.002634955],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03143424,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.105158,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1154391351107157,"score_gpt":0.3895255671346665,"score_spread":0.2740864320239508,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}