{"id":"W3025940402","doi":"10.1007/s12650-020-00649-8","title":"Interaction of loosely packed bubbly flow passing through a pore space","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Visualization","topic":"Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization","field":"Materials Science","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Shadowgraph; Mechanics; Throat; Confined space; Deformation (meteorology); Flow (mathematics); Materials science; Characterisation of pore space in soil; Porous medium; Phase (matter); Motion (physics); Porosity; Classical mechanics; Physics; Chemistry; Composite material","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002462438,0.00007693227,0.0001853288,0.00005011005,0.00005507219,0.00004998565,0.00008882475,0.00004322967,0.0001394825],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0004080592,0.0000649997,0.00005890581,0.0003032372,0.00003215787,0.0006730189,0.00002322475,0.00006056876,0.000008692885],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003536009,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005584051,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000007712285,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000002143704,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989176,0.0001069103,0.0004965554,0.00009659242,0.0002833475,0.00009899046],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988264,0.00004581025,0.000636767,0.00007272694,0.0003541301,0.00006415904],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001873256,0.000101236,0.0010361,0.00007835116,0.00001055816,0.000006500844,0.005650157,0.009798336,0.9791468,0.001089219,0.0008502041,0.002045223],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0009696845,0.0007386836,0.002069004,0.0003023556,0.00006787016,0.00004805165,0.001195254,0.08427739,0.903916,0.0008275421,0.00541739,0.0001707477],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7927336,0.00007506026,0.2062246,0.0004868449,0.000307474,0.00005632309,0.000003390783,0.0000166373,0.00009612249],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.994257,0.00004293123,0.005375249,0.0001183849,0.0001798797,5.555086e-7,0.000006517707,0.0000120282,0.000007411805],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2015235,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2650611,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05075961272064949,"score_gpt":0.3371325289256485,"score_spread":0.286372916204999,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}