{"id":"W3027429103","doi":"10.1155/2020/3060475","title":"Biological Pretreatment by Solid-State Fermentation of Oat Straw to Enhance Physical Quality of Pellets","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Chemistry","topic":"Biofuel production and bioconversion","field":"Engineering","cited_by":13,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"Department of Education of Liaoning Province; Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province; National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Pellets; Chemistry; Straw; Fermentation; Solid-state fermentation; Pellet; Phanerochaete; Box–Behnken design; Particle size; Biomass (ecology); Response surface methodology; Sawdust; Pulp and paper industry; Lignocellulosic biomass; Lignin; Ultimate tensile strength; Pelletizing; Water content; Food science; Agronomy; Composite material; Materials science; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006667259,0.00006762004,0.0001840417,0.000006484496,0.000006674311,0.000003386632,0.00006940911,0.00003703401,0.00006101613],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00002319347,0.00005305107,0.00007589385,0.00005691686,0.00002463459,0.00003694621,0.00001200798,0.00009509519,0.000002512482],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00003202965,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001068022,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":8.728088e-7,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":1.401838e-8,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994311,0.0000117247,0.0002847469,0.00006853893,0.0001405485,0.00006337809],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999661,0.000009306675,0.0001391793,0.00005114553,0.0000573724,0.00008194751],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00008654783,0.00007742357,0.000161211,0.0002449837,0.00003532903,8.27404e-7,0.0002928687,0.0002884766,0.9964091,1.603849e-7,0.001430726,0.000972319],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002015707,0.0001241169,0.0003995166,0.00001923514,0.000008048375,0.000002328168,0.0001235933,0.0001139694,0.9986641,0.00001366972,0.0002797658,0.00005008943],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9986222,0.00008247291,0.0005846333,0.0004445029,0.00004261505,0.00003665484,0.0000175818,0.000008485129,0.0001608991],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9995039,0.00007503731,0.0002570965,0.00002972144,0.00008912635,3.870167e-7,0.000004065605,0.000003722848,0.00003700236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002254969,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.216336,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02057368269873268,"score_gpt":0.298167894906291,"score_spread":0.2775942122075583,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}