{"id":"W3033833272","doi":"10.3386/w27325","title":"Imperfect Competition and Rents in Labor and Product Markets: The Case of the Construction Industry","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Public Procurement and Policy","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":56,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Economic rent; Competition (biology); Imperfect competition; Product market; Imperfect; Economics; Product (mathematics); Industrial organization; Labour economics; Business; Microeconomics; Ecology; Mathematics; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002095194,0.0001033278,0.0001731974,0.0003348256,0.0001135715,0.0001370131,0.0002522104,0.0001483437,0.00008220429],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007313368,0.00007412229,0.00003303482,0.000238662,0.0003521324,0.0002692729,0.0008409915,0.000803608,0.000003208604],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009858909,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002557006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002699327,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003979139,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9989693,0.00008619195,0.0003107581,0.0002684341,0.0002271499,0.0001381286],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990723,0.0001800231,0.0002603033,0.0001656576,0.0003112547,0.00001051094],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001051295,0.00004008691,0.06936389,0.0008129687,0.00007269812,0.000003494646,0.0000997547,0.0000476731,0.0002325959,0.9193285,0.005825369,0.00406791],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001085836,0.00001428093,0.1387043,0.0003226751,0.00003091638,0.00005183441,0.0004545233,0.005049687,0.0002942589,0.8493528,0.004423554,0.0002153158],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.945694,0.0002223073,2.624446e-7,0.02525989,0.0001977508,0.0006412708,0.00004095094,0.000005920874,0.02793761],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9989101,0.00008061018,0.00001675009,0.0001498777,0.0006944043,0.00004048995,0.00004185459,0.000008243197,0.00005769142],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.06997558,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.4080593,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1497007914286586,"score_gpt":0.4138800938090535,"score_spread":0.2641793023803949,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}