{"id":"W3035105274","doi":"10.1098/rstb.2019.0638","title":"The critical importance of experimentation in biomarker-based trophic ecology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":73,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University","funders":"","keywords":"Trophic level; Ecology; Biology; Ecosystem","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["sts"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006945144,0.0001180896,0.0002347375,0.000009606945,0.0004409298,0.00001178116,0.0008346278,0.0001469651,0.0009104678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0003874332,0.00006057502,0.0003360694,0.0008097071,0.005607478,0.00006248167,0.00007240878,0.0002529302,0.00001007067],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006892807,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003117254,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00006941863,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00004459682,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982415,0.0003251339,0.0004634403,0.0003558913,0.0003206765,0.0002933223],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9986315,0.0009704254,0.0001361671,0.0001732326,0.00001556535,0.00007308138],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001860693,0.0008614546,0.9107347,0.00002040477,0.00006096277,0.000002084847,0.000510115,0.05255088,0.02675514,0.00623947,0.0001665204,0.00191226],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0008939286,0.001664007,0.68094,0.00001526347,0.0000731953,0.000002118089,0.0007122784,0.2428743,0.0126856,0.05951123,0.0002441675,0.0003838494],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9171956,0.00007951835,0.002608129,0.07906245,0.0001060266,0.000238607,0.000008561815,0.00001649053,0.0006846588],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9972259,0.00002376391,0.001464097,0.001225775,0.00001939525,0.00003351094,5.343317e-7,0.000003044973,0.000003970799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2297946,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9970987,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05640890444208836,"score_gpt":0.3022392817503433,"score_spread":0.2458303773082549,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}