{"id":"W3035977041","doi":"10.1007/8165_2020_49","title":"The North American Experience with Investor-State Arbitration: Does It Lead to a Permanent Investment Court?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"European yearbook of international economic law","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Arbitration; Investment (military); Lead (geology); State (computer science); Business; Investment arbitration; Law; Political science; International investment; Foreign direct investment; Computer science; Geology; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001658873,0.0003616127,0.0002897143,0.0001337515,0.0001650617,0.0004237924,0.0008296054,0.00002217925,0.0004015061],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001805706,0.0002537237,0.0001352116,0.00003305914,0.0005489293,0.0005117086,0.0002684722,0.0002290341,0.002845809],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002236038,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00007862981,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000265389,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.003421635,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981793,0.00001449195,0.0006845457,0.0004925233,0.0004403075,0.0001887924],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985449,0.00004172424,0.0008205968,0.0003182135,0.0002200213,0.00005453946],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001176231,0.0000176903,0.0001412775,0.00001453218,0.0001912687,0.00002428057,0.0002068458,0.0002130255,0.00002443729,0.985496,0.01341644,0.0001365739],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0002824991,0.00006507793,0.0004989997,0.00009015344,0.00002735185,0.000003428706,0.00006199821,0.0005602062,0.00005779957,0.002717973,0.995279,0.0003554868],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.003605104,0.00001431276,0.00002879107,0.009229649,0.0006652499,0.000397221,0.00005277564,0.00006335116,0.9859436],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.3908103,0.000164138,0.0005968089,0.3184302,0.005752423,0.0000948821,0.0005525692,0.0003100628,0.2832887],"genre_candidate":"other","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.982778,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9999915,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01573827290338067,"score_gpt":0.2090699676384808,"score_spread":0.1933316947351002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}