{"id":"W3035977041","doi":"10.1007/8165_2020_49","title":"The North American Experience with Investor-State Arbitration: Does It Lead to a Permanent Investment Court?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"book-chapter","venue":"European yearbook of international economic law","topic":"International Arbitration and Investment Law","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"","keywords":"Arbitration; Investment (military); Lead (geology); State (computer science); Business; Investment arbitration; Law; Political science; International investment; Foreign direct investment; Computer science; Geology; Algorithm","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002914019,0.0002058283,0.000222709,0.0004797342,0.01110093,0.008092904,0.0008958316,0.003241602,0.01461001],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00405569,0.0002853038,0.0002178786,0.001237429,0.005330101,0.005088643,0.00202122,0.006796424,0.001750818],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.009916638,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.01684855,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2674333,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.7232385,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981193,0.0006727644,0.00003503052,0.0001714649,0.0004260788,0.0005753839],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9985895,0.0005540831,0.000106365,0.00008189533,0.0003292177,0.0003388302],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003520131,0.00009223944,0.003419824,0.00004902679,0.000008567634,0.0005710003,0.03092082,0.0001164853,0.0001726714,0.5494921,0.3504492,0.06467287],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000005737194,0.00001145105,0.006384517,0.0001401098,0.000009363475,0.0002935114,0.01684053,0.0001204541,0.0001480831,0.02423379,0.9517922,0.00002031168],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.0418262,0.0101314,0.0005706278,0.1478332,0.001007758,0.00001033303,0.00006580008,0.00003758017,0.7985171],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.4426078,0.01205331,0.0008916078,0.04140941,0.0006440361,0.00004658931,0.00008906343,0.00008470382,0.5021735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.2674333,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5317534,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01573827290338067,"score_gpt":0.2090699676384808,"score_spread":0.1933316947351002,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}