{"id":"W3036065981","doi":"10.32350/uer.31.03","title":"Does Income Inequality Lead to Education Inequality? A Cross Sectional Study of Pakistan","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"UMT Education Review","topic":"Income, Poverty, and Inequality","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Toronto Metropolitan University","funders":"","keywords":"Inequality; Economics; Educational attainment; Economic inequality; Income inequality metrics; Labour economics; Product (mathematics); Demographic economics; Wage; Variable (mathematics); Instrumental variable; Econometrics; Economic growth; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0008030809,0.000170491,0.0002495921,0.000811676,0.0006976763,0.0005511695,0.0002209667,0.0003797678,0.002901589],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001413275,0.0002101799,0.0003613304,0.001646374,0.0004080968,0.0005854496,0.0004108033,0.0006369544,0.0002081276],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007313159,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009587228,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.03878158,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04326708,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996911,0.00007312472,0.00002766725,0.00004681374,0.0000448046,0.0001165571],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992172,0.0002209723,0.0003104398,0.00003700062,0.00008943598,0.0001249518],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006850149,0.0001183793,0.9884454,0.00009286044,0.00007402879,0.000398652,0.001255608,0.00003686132,0.00005629156,0.0005501292,0.0005441317,0.008359201],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000003118563,0.0000573762,0.9969364,0.00006182855,0.00004093576,0.0001740265,0.001813103,0.00007060968,0.00001976998,0.00009036475,0.0007291763,0.000003197588],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9929605,0.003926792,0.00009747665,0.0008248822,0.00001972038,0.00001469574,0.0003259697,0.000001113781,0.001828813],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.99714,0.00235072,0.00003147428,0.00009410975,0.00001721335,0.000004400632,0.0001527791,5.520353e-7,0.0002087275],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.03878158,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.07711172,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07943181248358461,"score_gpt":0.452692815968523,"score_spread":0.3732610034849383,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}