{"id":"W3036316459","doi":"10.1177/0007650320928502","title":"Political Corruption and Cost of Equity","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Business & Society","topic":"Corporate Finance and Governance","field":"Business, Management and Accounting","cited_by":32,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Concordia University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; Memorial University of Newfoundland; Concordia University","keywords":"Equity (law); Language change; Instrumental variable; Politics; Public economics; Economics; Propensity score matching; Situated; Political science; Econometrics; Law","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00008996992,0.00009854884,0.000170258,0.000008193701,0.00006624774,0.00005825029,0.0001013747,0.00005429015,0.00004294633],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00007655915,0.00009368398,0.00006059637,0.0004406502,0.00009890679,0.0005140672,0.0001893427,0.00006982358,0.00003319591],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001531436,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00002721148,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0003157443,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001090889,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992974,0.000002041652,0.0001550734,0.0001804977,0.0001673463,0.0001975952],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995291,0.00001376525,0.0001426856,0.00008966212,0.0002098018,0.00001501204],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001474341,0.0002042347,0.5065971,0.002450862,0.0000469262,0.00001175189,0.0002881047,0.00008835593,0.005931372,0.3856645,0.07625443,0.02231495],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006673164,0.000005269547,0.929183,0.00004842389,0.00004129766,8.951931e-7,0.0001689986,0.004247602,0.00005281601,0.001588126,0.06382068,0.0001755741],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9666904,0.0001784275,0.01028695,0.0146474,0.0002438639,0.0002907865,0.00002732667,0.0001140574,0.007520845],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.992758,0.00003388132,0.0001248658,0.006364588,0.0006593294,0.000005175664,0.0000139603,0.00001113108,0.00002909397],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.4225859,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3820322,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05254541750902386,"score_gpt":0.2599518740074268,"score_spread":0.2074064564984029,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}