{"id":"W3037067580","doi":"10.5539/elt.v13n7p88","title":"Private Tuition: High Stakes and Thorny Issues","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"English Language Teaching","topic":"Global Educational Reforms and Inequalities","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Shadow (psychology); Stratified sampling; Phenomenon; Sample (material); Population; Psychology; Scale (ratio); Pedagogy; Mathematics education; Medical education; Sociology; Medicine; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008067362,0.0001521052,0.0003561543,0.001495568,0.002626453,0.004825843,0.001136072,0.001668126,0.008483117],"category_scores_gemma":[0.02484397,0.000155506,0.0002175479,0.001286291,0.009660229,0.005665882,0.002655381,0.002471454,0.0004219374],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00314135,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003132109,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0103032,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01957078,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9937714,0.002709662,0.0003246353,0.0005060242,0.001663296,0.00102508],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9778467,0.01583404,0.002061074,0.001036895,0.001235727,0.001985541],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001740918,0.0003822731,0.161829,0.0008978593,0.00003822897,0.002593895,0.03587483,0.0004009532,0.001236393,0.4524291,0.0333947,0.3107487],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00003298508,0.0003322637,0.3109725,0.003168303,0.00005229527,0.004570035,0.1872721,0.0015553,0.001605089,0.2961899,0.1941604,0.00008881128],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"commentary","genre_scores_codex":[0.5221326,0.01357337,0.00562567,0.3670679,0.001003604,0.00007051589,0.0003296561,0.00004124539,0.09015534],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.989915,0.001489968,0.0005807885,0.003157442,0.0004546266,0.00001679231,0.00002593564,0.000009631524,0.004349804],"genre_candidate":"commentary","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.0103032,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.04266477,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0234919528176175,"score_gpt":0.3225693161042433,"score_spread":0.2990773632866258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}