{"id":"W3040588293","doi":"10.5194/bg-17-3439-2020","title":"Twenty-first century ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and upper-ocean nutrient and primary production decline from CMIP6 model projections","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Biogeosciences","topic":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":868,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Victoria; Fisheries and Oceans Canada","funders":"Bjerknessenteret for klimaforskning, Universitetet i Bergen; Horizon 2020; Ministère de la Transition écologique et Solidaire; European Commission; Sight Research UK; Natural Environment Research Council; U.S. Department of Energy; Norges Forskningsråd; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Coupled model intercomparison project; Environmental science; Representative Concentration Pathways; Ecosystem; Effects of global warming on oceans; Nutrient; Primary production; Climate change; Deoxygenation; Photic zone; Sea surface temperature; New production; Global warming; Nitrate; Marine ecosystem; Atmospheric sciences; Climatology; Oceanography; Climate model; Phytoplankton; Ecology; Chemistry; Geology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002570759,0.0001527215,0.0001529382,0.00009658624,0.0005704635,0.0001853569,0.0001905968,0.00005309459,0.00005024672],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001317741,0.0001219243,0.00002877815,0.0004847355,0.0001669114,0.0004351681,0.00006277625,0.00008360999,0.00001211578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000006353279,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00009535912,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004160682,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002263368,"domain_scores_codex":[0.998506,0.00003992902,0.0002824623,0.0006032606,0.0003401167,0.0002282125],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993873,0.00004290872,0.0001327134,0.0001371879,0.00008029868,0.0002195757],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003471359,0.00004646512,0.9774467,0.0000649445,0.00001026733,0.000001382491,0.001679755,0.0002678955,0.0002798033,0.000172095,0.001794367,0.01820158],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004042772,0.0002805056,0.7175216,0.00004315971,0.00004760647,0.0000271547,0.001997366,0.2083387,0.000620093,0.001917384,0.06829599,0.0005061243],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9904438,0.00110614,0.00047262,0.006045206,0.0003934655,0.0004088421,0.0002340271,0.00009032343,0.000805563],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965058,0.001175821,0.001181267,0.0005011531,0.0002549807,0.000001986653,0.0002591239,0.000003601989,0.000116277],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2599251,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6289735,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01745005071426241,"score_gpt":0.2015833995963472,"score_spread":0.1841333488820848,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}