{"id":"W3043314245","doi":"10.3386/w25849","title":"Employment Discrimination against Indigenous Peoples in the United States: Evidence from a Field Experiment","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"National Bureau of Economic Research","topic":"Names, Identity, and Discrimination Research","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":3,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Institutes of Health; University of Victoria; Tulane University; National Cancer Institute; RAND Corporation","keywords":"Callback; Indigenous; Audit; Context (archaeology); Robustness (evolution); Demographic economics; Business; Political science; Advertising; Geography; Economics; Accounting; Computer science","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.008460936,0.0001859574,0.0003140245,0.0013729,0.0004634045,0.0005189475,0.001746184,0.0003207324,0.0004720725],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003540198,0.000166991,0.0001411069,0.0004373594,0.0004154991,0.0003313663,0.0006324429,0.0009464042,0.0001123125],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.002258233,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.003853904,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.2195964,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.05916066,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9936132,0.001845723,0.0006563244,0.0005994251,0.002748233,0.0005371041],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9910069,0.007095903,0.0002545766,0.0004640917,0.001073094,0.0001054554],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"qualitative","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004117462,0.001521815,0.08078301,0.0006693852,0.0002658077,0.00002084221,0.539749,0.02922035,0.0002460284,0.3017476,0.04143402,0.003930427],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001495359,0.0004223064,0.04896012,0.001660561,0.00003894395,5.428321e-7,0.2380332,0.006606044,0.001253658,0.6958637,0.004778319,0.0008871724],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9496352,0.00129605,0.00005715008,0.01167176,0.0004529303,0.00223201,0.0001101018,0.00001889099,0.03452589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9899991,0.006890582,0.00007431132,0.0001851527,0.0003492752,0.0004383253,0.0009186271,0.00001646547,0.001128176],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3941162,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9580072,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.3559666277295093,"score_gpt":0.5346972256146812,"score_spread":0.178730597885172,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}