{"id":"W3044337389","doi":"10.1007/s10653-020-00671-7","title":"Effect of aeration, iron and arsenic concentrations, and groundwater matrix on arsenic removal using laboratory sand filtration","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","topic":"Arsenic contamination and mitigation","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":5,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Memorial University of Newfoundland","keywords":"Arsenic; Aeration; Effluent; Groundwater; Environmental chemistry; Filtration (mathematics); Chemistry; Environmental engineering; Sand filter; Environmental science; Geology; Wastewater; Geotechnical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.000234086,0.0001345556,0.0001532828,0.000009213806,0.000190386,0.00002080283,0.00002869731,0.00006431081,0.0002873857],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001591553,0.0001314855,0.00001664892,0.00004205988,0.0001982827,0.0001560492,0.00004494287,0.0001002025,0.000005986581],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00009485156,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001347197,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00002817593,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.000005973579,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990956,0.00008391806,0.0002307842,0.0002929569,0.0001607246,0.0001359687],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995793,0.0000487734,0.0001276494,0.00008330564,0.000001457716,0.0001594971],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001542751,0.00009035921,0.05319763,0.0002938551,0.0000143876,0.000008431059,0.002257589,0.0001756301,0.9284102,0.00007136047,0.0005692645,0.01475705],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005207594,0.002738629,0.1155685,0.0001474184,0.0001185197,0.0001639755,0.00178859,0.02928651,0.8384832,0.00009388795,0.005559611,0.0008435941],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9977382,0.0003676814,0.0001335363,0.001240623,0.00001825647,0.0002538488,0.00002537899,0.00001232395,0.0002100825],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998548,0.0003091304,0.0003666837,0.0005778844,0.00003663922,0.000004754052,0.00007282804,0.000007803242,0.00007627509],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.08992697,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5361822,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.008922218996245413,"score_gpt":0.2522120491313314,"score_spread":0.243289830135086,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}