{"id":"W3047263622","doi":"10.2514/1.b37815","title":"Statistics and Dynamics of Intermittent Boundary Layer Flashback in Swirl Flames","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Propulsion and Power","topic":"Combustion and flame dynamics","field":"Engineering","cited_by":14,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Flashback; Combustor; Combustion; Mechanics; Boundary layer; Flame speed; Planar laser-induced fluorescence; Particle image velocimetry; Materials science; Diffusion flame; Premixed flame; Analytical Chemistry (journal); Laser; Optics; Laser-induced fluorescence; Chemistry; Turbulence; Physics; Chromatography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009139028,0.00007750784,0.0001842169,0.00007829794,0.00001191631,0.00002171061,0.00004904157,0.00004476219,0.00006189768],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00004757617,0.00006376726,0.00002553482,0.00006980315,0.00003944891,0.00007498136,0.00003019439,0.0002184748,0.000001541012],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002033889,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001448244,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000001342735,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0000212654,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994232,0.00001602628,0.0003285062,0.00005117112,0.0001058162,0.000075281],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997095,0.00002619565,0.00007727822,0.00004039115,0.00005738317,0.00008917848],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001342593,0.0004562866,0.1381395,0.002592269,0.0003904169,0.0007812093,0.02472279,0.008859749,0.02772048,0.01138181,0.03588783,0.7477251],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002601934,0.0009994147,0.09543469,0.000611699,0.00006403043,0.000257617,0.002525163,0.8752858,0.0004831823,0.001729939,0.01953934,0.0004672053],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9866329,0.0005521182,0.01132771,0.0007599464,0.0003051639,0.00005821413,0.00002440447,0.000009355035,0.0003301501],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9965515,0.0006020714,0.002661671,0.00009442393,0.0000232649,2.143839e-7,0.000002322468,0.00001095611,0.00005364236],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.8664261,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2600353,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00824854183718385,"score_gpt":0.2187900036119149,"score_spread":0.2105414617747311,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}