{"id":"W3047527465","doi":"10.1257/jep.34.3.27","title":"How Close Is Close? The Spatial Reach of Agglomeration Economies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"The Journal of Economic Perspectives","topic":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":190,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Toronto","funders":"","keywords":"Economies of agglomeration; Microfoundations; Real estate; Metropolitan area; Economic geography; Economics; Economy; Economic growth; Macroeconomics; Geography","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009502941,0.0001936897,0.0007129294,0.0001513722,0.0001649056,0.0001469065,0.0006864778,0.00007183637,0.0003649003],"category_scores_gemma":[0.000109893,0.0001381823,0.0004954482,0.00009305348,0.0002707838,0.0004792077,0.00008211541,0.0002688248,0.00008494326],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0002074925,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000836811,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007983886,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002703018,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9984288,0.00006014052,0.00102587,0.0002535016,0.00004019109,0.0001915547],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9972531,0.0001887354,0.00203993,0.0003338657,0.00008726255,0.00009710553],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0007664825,0.0001879463,0.0146669,0.00003917722,0.002636424,0.000004102267,0.05033587,0.004196986,0.0005984903,0.910312,0.0122893,0.0039663],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005849244,0.002650203,0.06508995,0.00007308867,0.0006873828,0.0001750238,0.0735192,0.1054756,0.003913593,0.5863298,0.1543303,0.001906631],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8720645,0.005585609,0.001866285,0.1151241,0.0003078732,0.0001745455,0.0001340861,0.000006500433,0.004736518],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9947405,0.003251984,0.0001186134,0.0006509839,0.0009181846,0.000002715937,0.000002033425,0.00002101577,0.0002939779],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3239822,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5634911,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.03169009683359149,"score_gpt":0.2225973552068075,"score_spread":0.190907258373216,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}