{"id":"W3048295029","doi":"10.3390/smartcities3030044","title":"Blockchain as a Driver for Smart City Development: Application Fields and a Comprehensive Research Agenda","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Smart Cities","topic":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","field":"Computer Science","cited_by":121,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"York University","funders":"","keywords":"Operationalization; Blockchain; Process (computing); Computer science; Smart city; Work (physics); Field (mathematics); Multitude; Emerging technologies; Process management; Key (lock); Engineering management; Data science; Business; Knowledge management; Risk analysis (engineering); Computer security; Internet of Things; Political science; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.004509206,0.0005233101,0.0006229319,0.002610956,0.001335272,0.006719573,0.0009699109,0.003411197,0.004981678],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005949045,0.0003175848,0.0005377054,0.006060313,0.00385885,0.0135031,0.002430174,0.002958192,0.0008521245],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.004375892,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.008887931,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.005036694,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005253563,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9985687,0.0006324297,0.00006628792,0.000152493,0.0003873161,0.0001927067],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9914218,0.006029257,0.0004792257,0.0003160509,0.001475439,0.0002782171],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003109102,0.00006820622,0.001677499,0.002456103,0.00002908459,0.0001943122,0.0008161317,0.006735788,0.0004324375,0.8578075,0.008472761,0.1212792],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00001713924,0.0001205088,0.001526034,0.00779603,0.00006113763,0.0002817281,0.005310372,0.01666912,0.001572834,0.599811,0.3667599,0.0000742631],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.03439601,0.6647812,0.05464517,0.1531644,0.001896332,0.0002281632,0.000328654,0.0001841951,0.09037589],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.2771707,0.6982653,0.01241352,0.003396622,0.0008352575,0.0001743057,0.0002225612,0.00003157989,0.007490184],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.006719573,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.03174943,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0678629990140053,"score_gpt":0.3092235233176204,"score_spread":0.2413605243036151,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}