{"id":"W3048480627","doi":"10.1364/optica.392772","title":"Ultrafast spinning twisted ribbons of confined electric fields","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Optical vortex; Electric field; Ribbon; Polarization (electrochemistry); Spinning; Circular polarization; Ellipse; Structured light; Beam (structure); Optics; Light beam; Orbital angular momentum of light; Topology (electrical circuits); Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00003027989,0.00009717524,0.0001621649,0.00002298375,0.00003294107,0.00001883815,0.000127189,0.00002858532,0.0006955477],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001634352,0.00009589612,0.00007749488,0.0002164543,0.00003052596,0.00003793459,0.00003694074,0.0001127148,0.00005479772],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000005326907,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000329384,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0000313226,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.657451e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993763,0.00001151544,0.0001841928,0.0001396106,0.0001082445,0.0001801344],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.999631,0.00003709469,0.00006779454,0.0001295782,0.00004446336,0.00009008542],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009635766,0.0007058696,0.06179006,0.0001911372,0.0004978519,0.00002508441,0.003284205,0.0007184568,0.3972684,0.5220544,0.003848183,0.00952],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.002978187,0.001333961,0.01130046,0.000103104,0.0003147133,0.000004378371,0.001660471,0.02906987,0.9244743,0.003691898,0.02390144,0.001167224],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9204358,0.00001793796,0.00809012,0.001620336,0.0000664815,0.0001304996,0.00001835549,0.00003620108,0.06958427],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9982383,6.565062e-7,0.00115401,0.0001163816,0.0001482417,0.000005119956,0.00001595262,0.00001235145,0.0003090282],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.5272059,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.761576,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01179355550231942,"score_gpt":0.2226174072671758,"score_spread":0.2108238517648564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}