{"id":"W3048480627","doi":"10.1364/optica.392772","title":"Ultrafast spinning twisted ribbons of confined electric fields","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Optica","topic":"Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Algonquin College","funders":"FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Russian Foundation for Basic Research","keywords":"Physics; Angular momentum; Optical vortex; Electric field; Ribbon; Polarization (electrochemistry); Spinning; Circular polarization; Ellipse; Structured light; Beam (structure); Optics; Light beam; Orbital angular momentum of light; Topology (electrical circuits); Total angular momentum quantum number; Classical mechanics; Quantum mechanics; Geometry; Materials science","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000841523,0.000248958,0.0001449255,0.0001930872,0.0002546354,0.0003515916,0.0002652637,0.000272508,0.002264657],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002693027,0.0001748473,0.0001036898,0.0001672845,0.0004667139,0.0003195927,0.0003926898,0.00029224,0.0002990045],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001910937,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00008259287,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001323449,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0003421613,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999177,0.00001393254,0.000003009786,0.00001704241,0.00002144622,0.00002684444],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997995,0.00006118591,0.00006808754,0.00002865916,0.0000141663,0.00002833789],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001968443,0.00004684701,0.0004950724,0.0001179771,0.00001502181,0.0004937421,0.0002953885,0.002915987,0.9669169,0.01838097,0.0006162821,0.009509017],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00006616641,0.0003417602,0.004009636,0.00003834454,0.00001388302,0.0003984178,0.0001523096,0.04123871,0.9423286,0.00632368,0.005045121,0.00004335022],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9827944,0.0004160264,0.008641902,0.00009307154,0.00006072225,0.00001348005,0.00006624877,0.0001442217,0.007770025],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9967046,0.0001150221,0.002030743,0.00002423759,0.000008943193,0.00000952652,0.00002825995,0.00001768442,0.001060985],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.002264657,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.007575989,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01179355550231942,"score_gpt":0.2226174072671758,"score_spread":0.2108238517648564,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}