{"id":"W3081078266","doi":"10.1093/mnras/stab2203","title":"Outliers in the LIGO black hole mass function from coagulation in dense clusters","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"preprint","venue":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","topic":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":1,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Azrieli Foundation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"LIGO; Redshift; Outlier; Astrophysics; Physics; Cluster (spacecraft); Globular cluster; Black hole (networking); Mass ratio; Event (particle physics); Broaching; Mass segregation; Stars; Statistics; Computer science; Gravitational wave; Mathematics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.001462589,0.0003283184,0.0002603894,0.001330365,0.0002818392,0.001178602,0.0003617621,0.0004951868,0.0007688224],"category_scores_gemma":[0.005839025,0.0001233896,0.0003767919,0.0009998988,0.0004876723,0.0005283419,0.0006645204,0.0002880869,0.0002100685],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006880951,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002357159,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.007434405,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004243823,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9996063,0.00008847873,0.00002236271,0.0001003602,0.0001079614,0.00007449313],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9966234,0.001362556,0.001069158,0.0003525399,0.0002707016,0.000321597],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002643488,0.00002212792,0.9506347,0.00002274764,0.00006522465,0.0002378358,0.0001770779,0.03803081,0.001982591,0.001713717,0.001458004,0.005390683],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002521039,0.00004134584,0.8656504,0.00001449815,0.00001957694,0.0001329556,0.00008371482,0.1294344,0.00150957,0.001995635,0.001065608,0.00002710275],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9964011,0.00005708425,0.001582719,0.00004593068,0.000004740863,0.000005632213,0.001059394,0.0001326064,0.0007108404],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9978625,0.00001294715,0.0003127631,0.000006944521,0.00000508843,0.00000245348,0.001719328,0.00002008992,0.00005780557],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007434405,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01478225,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01298836994421113,"score_gpt":0.264059398904572,"score_spread":0.2510710289603608,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}