{"id":"W3083283310","doi":"10.1002/ppp.2085","title":"Spatial and stratigraphic variation of near‐surface ground ice in discontinuous permafrost of the taiga shield","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Permafrost and Periglacial Processes","topic":"Climate change and permafrost","field":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","cited_by":18,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Government of Northwest Territories; Wilfrid Laurier University","funders":"","keywords":"Permafrost; Geology; Thermokarst; Taiga; Black spruce; Aggradation; Geomorphology; Tundra; Active layer; Frost heaving; Terrain; Physical geography; Arctic; Ecology; Geography; Oceanography; Layer (electronics)","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001456334,0.0001867065,0.0003161574,0.00002669904,0.000180705,0.000105579,0.0001774332,0.0001016976,0.000823442],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001084141,0.0001358306,0.00004288341,0.0003642643,0.0003654736,0.0003335175,0.00003716896,0.0001725035,0.000002673464],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000001609675,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001105731,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.009065942,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.08515311,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988226,0.00006654715,0.0003583911,0.0002870761,0.0002427671,0.000222601],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993968,0.0001427533,0.0001764022,0.0001088705,0.00007191693,0.0001032626],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001580034,0.00002229763,0.9712691,0.0005252503,0.000008735698,0.000002377286,0.01979793,0.00005388139,0.007330656,0.00001760615,0.00001644348,0.0007977372],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004304266,0.000170178,0.9938228,0.00007019386,0.00002839248,0.000007674037,0.001612924,0.002557317,0.0005853614,0.000108496,0.0004280478,0.0001781826],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9899784,0.001784487,0.000008752187,0.001129408,0.0001362922,0.0002523622,0.006068497,0.00001014688,0.0006316007],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9984365,0.0006735194,0.00001986254,0.000248569,0.0001330198,0.000001455531,0.0004630542,0.00000593125,0.00001816503],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07608717,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9975328,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02277422796230517,"score_gpt":0.2217636989161414,"score_spread":0.1989894709538362,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}