{"id":"W3083800441","doi":"10.1039/d0ew00461h","title":"Coagulation/flocculation prior to low pressure membranes in drinking water treatment: a review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"review","venue":"Environmental Science Water Research & Technology","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":67,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of British Columbia; University of Toronto; Vancouver Biotech (Canada); Toronto Public Health","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Toronto","keywords":"Flocculation; Coagulation; Fouling; Membrane; Membrane fouling; Water treatment; Chemical engineering; Chemistry; Chromatography; Materials science; Pulp and paper industry; Environmental science; Environmental engineering; Medicine; Engineering; Biochemistry; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0007026162,0.001033723,0.00171416,0.00287559,0.0002621216,0.0008573687,0.0007149741,0.001047727,0.003392315],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007867549,0.000398609,0.0008903306,0.003170446,0.0002979184,0.001204135,0.0005837309,0.0009717145,0.00144617],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004038466,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001345245,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001562406,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.002888949,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997794,0.00003133011,0.00003839282,0.00004400306,0.00008417114,0.00002280834],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995514,0.0002106964,0.00008884132,0.00001185912,0.0001147986,0.00002237693],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001015952,0.0001076589,0.0001335615,0.1224975,0.0003181069,0.0001745574,0.00006467963,0.0005549693,0.005397729,0.00279832,0.01340729,0.8544441],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00004054507,0.0004072451,0.0015418,0.01825828,0.001112271,0.000981145,0.00009077184,0.0001679052,0.003062032,0.001255547,0.9730276,0.00005480837],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"review","genre_gemma":"review","genre_scores_codex":[0.000164815,0.9991541,0.00009939458,0.00004929764,0.0000825643,0.00000687878,0.0000196589,0.000003824586,0.0004193943],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.0006042417,0.9988373,0.0001677963,0.00005900973,0.00003710222,0.000006563499,0.00002457727,0.0000010154,0.0002624733],"genre_candidate":"review","genre_consensus":"review","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003392315,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01134843,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.05609013769674251,"score_gpt":0.3641200082153523,"score_spread":0.3080298705186099,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}