{"id":"W3085620311","doi":"10.1139/cgj-2019-0854","title":"A physics-based approach for predicting time-dependent progression length of backward erosion piping","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Geotechnical Journal","topic":"Dam Engineering and Safety","field":"Engineering","cited_by":9,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Civil, Mechanical and Manufacturing Innovation; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Piping; Permeability (electromagnetism); Tortuosity; Flume; Amplification factor; Geotechnical engineering; Mechanics; Mathematics; Structural engineering; Porosity; Engineering; Physics; Mechanical engineering; Flow (mathematics)","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002694356,0.0001608338,0.0002473787,0.00007953993,0.0001091753,0.00003780074,0.0002379805,0.0001477016,0.00001396895],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001073989,0.0001549851,0.0001409695,0.0001682376,0.00002557103,0.00008346246,0.0000161783,0.0005265229,0.000004797233],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001811165,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001657847,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00007412372,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001105689,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9988772,0.00001793505,0.0003352049,0.0001563144,0.000209246,0.0004041054],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990432,0.0000442323,0.00005697603,0.0001307945,0.00006508333,0.0006596605],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001688498,0.00001147597,0.00005691668,0.0001391355,0.0000250934,0.000007078269,0.00005042432,0.9741449,0.01070159,0.00001704734,0.001009401,0.01382006],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0004924003,0.0001202095,0.00008341695,0.0001414935,0.00002473425,0.0000174703,0.00001661696,0.9934123,0.003484821,0.00002114131,0.00201504,0.0001704253],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.008159187,0.0001965995,0.9902152,0.0003660649,0.0001478562,0.0003150285,0.0000683235,0.0002693195,0.0002623965],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9843855,0.00001133479,0.01502284,0.00008867378,0.0003916209,0.00001625905,0.00002221596,0.00005497463,0.0000065678],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.9762263,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6320109,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01474877610323431,"score_gpt":0.2110248416036601,"score_spread":0.1962760655004258,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}