{"id":"W3088267260","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.120471","title":"Generation of entropy in micro thermofluidic and thermochemical energy systems-A critical review","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","topic":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","field":"Engineering","cited_by":91,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Saskatchewan","funders":"","keywords":"Second law of thermodynamics; Entropy (arrow of time); Microsystem; Thermodynamics; Statistical physics; Heat transfer; Computer science; Materials science; Process engineering; Nanotechnology; Physics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00009762457,0.00009248086,0.0002457342,0.00006193768,0.000007780211,0.00001775802,0.00008593786,0.00005465022,0.00004992622],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001182768,0.00007669116,0.00005830789,0.00004114836,0.0000377232,0.0001105928,0.000003640069,0.0001164395,3.585303e-7],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00001681449,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00001579704,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.000006413677,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":8.960385e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9992006,0.00002938122,0.0004180952,0.00007434864,0.0001924611,0.00008515711],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997354,0.00004315718,0.000004844587,0.00002929076,0.0001072089,0.0000800768],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005134949,0.00001868125,0.0003000782,0.0003810176,0.00007037961,0.00003485768,0.0001308011,0.00006174202,0.9946004,0.002798947,0.0004456828,0.001106023],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.005282078,0.0005547837,0.001443205,0.004748419,0.0003404963,0.0006813753,0.00010036,0.03491586,0.9323309,0.0005228213,0.01842857,0.0006511355],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6829591,0.2162658,0.09344736,0.00619114,0.0006844644,0.0001256342,0.00002643426,0.00001805876,0.0002820449],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9403508,0.05896033,0.00009054158,0.0003559426,0.0002243184,0.000002196242,0.00000297239,0.00001098879,0.00000187399],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2573917,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3127375,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0279469163043738,"score_gpt":0.2449688845415373,"score_spread":0.2170219682371635,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}