{"id":"W3089067489","doi":"10.32920/22056791.v1","title":"Colour as a Discrete Ground of Discrimination","year":2023,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Discrimination and Equality Law","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Statistics Canada","funders":"","keywords":"Race (biology); Common ground; Argument (complex analysis); Jurisprudence; Figure–ground; Social psychology; Psychology; Sociology; Political science; Law; Gender studies; Perception","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0006390096,0.00004034928,0.00007312429,0.00007332683,0.0001808291,0.0000423164,0.0001237878,0.00004007721,0.0007610305],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0002662001,0.00003588292,0.00004393107,0.0004208152,0.0001708276,0.000216702,0.00002920884,0.00002672806,0.000424904],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002743525,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00005697988,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.006264142,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005038444,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9991619,0.000104898,0.0001338575,0.00009518726,0.000350911,0.0001532569],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9996565,0.00008795522,0.00004561178,0.00007786106,0.00007229007,0.00005981201],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000003722521,0.00001629861,0.0003048125,0.000008494632,0.000003807317,7.58392e-7,0.01899095,0.000001002136,0.00009376401,0.9758912,0.002197314,0.002487845],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006319344,0.0001569956,0.1228025,0.00004486053,0.00004472334,3.980827e-7,0.1731094,0.0002394107,0.001215606,0.5179284,0.1834496,0.0003761856],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":"theoretical_or_conceptual","genre_codex":"other","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.3312444,0.00000136627,0.0001403487,0.006078274,0.0001475559,0.00009562611,0.000003091582,0.0001200844,0.6621693],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9375618,0.00002141671,0.00004981642,0.0001431957,0.00003774303,0.000008064765,0.00001216542,0.000003864224,0.06216199],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.6063173,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9469551,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.07659313961277635,"score_gpt":0.411033195108611,"score_spread":0.3344400554958346,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}