{"id":"W3093856572","doi":"10.1109/apap47170.2019.9224689","title":"Testing Cyber Security of Power Systems on a Real Time Digital Simulator","year":2019,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"","topic":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","field":"Engineering","cited_by":15,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"RTDS Technologies (Canada)","funders":"","keywords":"Testbed; Real Time Digital Simulator; Computer science; Denial-of-service attack; Grid; Electric power system; SCADA; Computer security; Network simulation; Smart grid; Power grid; Embedded system; Simulation; Computer network; Power (physics); Engineering; Operating system; The Internet; Electrical engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00006174275,0.0001022325,0.0001618752,0.00004191133,0.00001457358,0.00003267188,0.0001014769,0.00006938554,0.0001072979],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003940198,0.000083889,0.00003881376,0.0001269084,0.00001924548,0.0001401334,0.00002425585,0.00009416044,0.000720782],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002285392,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000009593537,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00003092485,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":6.05108e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993618,0.000006806899,0.0001685021,0.0001233805,0.0001696504,0.0001698911],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9995053,0.0001857233,0.00002114555,0.0001983395,0.00003564206,0.0000538226],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00005917522,0.0002808699,0.06395483,0.0007693363,0.0001563423,0.00003143383,0.002315497,0.8617788,0.05718449,0.007217473,0.005879722,0.0003720488],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006391312,0.0003198857,0.01482688,0.0003182839,0.000009729083,0.00001787688,0.0002575882,0.9742411,0.005161225,0.0001055212,0.00356907,0.0005336977],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.8050801,0.00002184511,0.00001675748,0.000002566396,0.000306464,0.0001212669,0.00001150998,0.0001873265,0.1942522],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9993082,0.000001104584,0.00001983006,0.000005755389,0.00003595077,0.00000146721,0.000002286777,0.0000153855,0.0006100286],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1942281,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9264434,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.004577829665427081,"score_gpt":0.1844490100537276,"score_spread":0.1798711803883005,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}