{"id":"W3096358100","doi":"10.3390/su12219148","title":"Subtraction: More than an Algorithm?","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Sustainability","topic":"Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":2,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Subtraction; Commit; Context (archaeology); Mathematics education; Quarter (Canadian coin); Psychology; Computer science; Algorithm; Mathematics; Arithmetic","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002197967,0.0005479421,0.0004399277,0.0009626866,0.0007158517,0.003562274,0.0007645233,0.001229002,0.007406252],"category_scores_gemma":[0.01348962,0.0001933687,0.0003996763,0.001253835,0.004384982,0.005262362,0.001604238,0.001286257,0.002260637],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008717265,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001637483,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001889913,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001861725,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9969596,0.001040206,0.000234578,0.0004081161,0.001141683,0.0002159069],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9954879,0.001566399,0.001197941,0.0005079382,0.000884969,0.0003548726],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0005763099,0.0003326948,0.1175251,0.001419998,0.0001513701,0.001826778,0.03181226,0.0008768865,0.01009037,0.1461759,0.0206219,0.6685905],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00005341108,0.0006687636,0.1544532,0.002251745,0.0001976986,0.01751491,0.05556303,0.003482762,0.01157629,0.2775963,0.4763805,0.000261486],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.6973571,0.02049542,0.07076015,0.05562634,0.00295508,0.00008954728,0.0003567729,0.0008547929,0.1515048],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.952885,0.005922863,0.01675475,0.004126624,0.0002702273,0.0000211697,0.0001624084,0.0001435977,0.01971338],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.007406252,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.0247764,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.0364341762243332,"score_gpt":0.3387858220991452,"score_spread":0.302351645874812,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}