{"id":"W3096784160","doi":"10.3847/2041-8213/abe949","title":"Population Properties of Compact Objects from the Second LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Research Portal (King's College London)","topic":"Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":10,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Division of Human Resource Development; Science and Technology Facilities Council; ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research; Vlaamse regering; Ministry of Education, India; National Research Foundation of Korea; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund; Generalitat Valenciana; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Centres de Recerca de Catalunya; Industry Canada; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare; Generalitat de Catalunya; National Natural Science Foundation of China; National Research, Development and Innovation Office; Agencia Estatal de Investigación; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; European Commission; Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal; Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics; Govern de les Illes Balears; Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Agence Nationale de la Recherche; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India; National Research Foundation; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Russian Science Foundation; Leverhulme Trust; Scottish Funding Council; Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico; Institut des Origines de Lyon; European Regional Development Fund; Scottish Universities Physics Alliance; Science and Engineering Research Board; National Science Foundation","keywords":"Physics; LIGO; Gravitational wave; Astrophysics; Spins; Population; Binary black hole; Angular momentum; Binary number; Quantum mechanics; Condensed matter physics","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0009496961,0.0003370511,0.0005134556,0.004107231,0.0003545837,0.001259241,0.000542501,0.0003895136,0.001686727],"category_scores_gemma":[0.003605166,0.0001758958,0.0002385993,0.001982274,0.0003316898,0.0006001822,0.001009316,0.0001850206,0.0007851203],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0004469589,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0001887913,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004948681,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005023261,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9994891,0.00004880168,0.00004783733,0.0001346235,0.0001666381,0.0001130082],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9974465,0.0004468094,0.0009332778,0.0003727855,0.0003713403,0.0004292061],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00009381009,0.00002136008,0.9929918,0.00001079834,0.00002269202,0.00009446149,0.0001785232,0.0001604056,0.001465152,0.00006785351,0.00031891,0.004574187],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000008526015,0.00005764193,0.9971257,0.000004067687,0.00001875408,0.0005533709,0.0001339644,0.0007799123,0.0007045266,0.00002745871,0.0005802323,0.000005905398],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9979614,0.00008780618,0.0001741277,0.00000972681,0.0000012386,0.00001096631,0.001335807,0.00002554387,0.0003934639],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9905328,0.00007573904,0.0002378967,0.0000167672,0.00001284205,0.00002690697,0.008763409,0.00001029603,0.0003234459],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004948681,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009839714,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.04733779298888104,"score_gpt":0.3377314703477643,"score_spread":0.2903936773588833,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}