{"id":"W3098322373","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.104.022002","title":"IceCube high-energy starting event sample: Description and flux characterization with 7.5 years of data","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D/Physical review. D.","topic":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":373,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Snolab","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Office of Polar Programs; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics; Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University; RWTH Aachen University; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Carlsbergfondet; Marsden Fund; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation; UK Research and Innovation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Oxford; Marquette University; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron; National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center; Australian Research Council; Western Canada Research Grid; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Polarforskningssekretariatet; University of Maryland; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; National Research Foundation of Korea; Villum Fonden; Chiba University; Royal Society; Compute Canada; Vetenskapsrådet; U.S. Department of Energy; University of Wisconsin-Madison; National Research Foundation; Michigan State University","keywords":"Characterization (materials science); Event (particle physics); Sample (material); Flux (metallurgy); Environmental science; Computer science; Astrophysics; Physics; Materials science; Optics; Thermodynamics","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.003688063,0.0005386447,0.0008223499,0.002931035,0.0004221902,0.001343061,0.001429078,0.0004618246,0.005863926],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00801082,0.0003196354,0.0007744491,0.004245887,0.0002850265,0.0005129437,0.0009483325,0.0004483872,0.00341249],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0008772928,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.001639905,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00835909,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.007400958,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9982293,0.0003776356,0.0001674004,0.0004001662,0.0006751964,0.0001502889],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9965243,0.000875883,0.0007017266,0.0007877101,0.0008227187,0.0002876334],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.002268547,0.0005143262,0.4439198,0.003922857,0.001809359,0.001166046,0.0006574118,0.00884684,0.006303913,0.01289817,0.3148583,0.2028344],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0003471534,0.0003017648,0.4543246,0.0004974967,0.0005316892,0.002069557,0.0003252098,0.00256823,0.003279784,0.003289608,0.5323771,0.00008781523],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"dataset","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.2018819,0.01169498,0.01526661,0.0009353602,0.0001802926,0.003090173,0.736671,0.0009458793,0.02933371],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.1902389,0.006487948,0.01768091,0.0005028135,0.0001663761,0.005516358,0.773656,0.0005749407,0.005175799],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.00835909,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01961684,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02067412475901566,"score_gpt":0.3497726521836927,"score_spread":0.3290985274246771,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}