{"id":"W3098356210","doi":"10.3168/jds.2021-20411","title":"Disbudding and dehorning practices for preweaned dairy calves by farmers in Wisconsin, USA","year":2021,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Dairy Science","topic":"Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies","field":"Veterinary","cited_by":22,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; University of Guelph","funders":"","keywords":"Medicine; Breed; Odds; Weaning; Observational study; Animal welfare; Veterinary medicine; Animal science; Biology; Logistic regression; Internal medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003604304,0.0001641958,0.00007850112,0.000499312,0.0003932321,0.0003798592,0.0002005147,0.0002090279,0.0009915588],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0008556682,0.0001452523,0.0001209136,0.000613464,0.0001562929,0.0003441643,0.0002140028,0.0001426586,0.0001315988],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0006704336,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0005439441,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.07934356,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2188285,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997519,0.00006007163,0.00002923127,0.00004865074,0.00005954228,0.00005059532],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9993717,0.00009220613,0.0003387065,0.00001343588,0.00008062143,0.0001033639],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00001685655,0.00004043268,0.9929745,0.00001926875,0.00001052538,0.0000843734,0.001196321,0.00001772526,0.0008090362,0.000008763899,0.0002200001,0.004602132],"study_design_scores_gemma":[9.709155e-7,0.00007007202,0.9958846,0.00002279444,0.000007314929,0.00009556214,0.003305041,0.00004830736,0.00008282006,0.000004902677,0.0004746307,0.000002983907],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9994341,0.0001082811,0.00002688509,0.00006829789,0.000001271796,0.000004452499,0.0001299526,0.000001647395,0.0002251321],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9990082,0.0003461526,0.000107852,0.0000697718,0.00000226151,0.000009158129,0.0001412251,7.522541e-7,0.0003146963],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.07934356,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1577635,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08469842397836265,"score_gpt":0.3881022109987786,"score_spread":0.3034037870204159,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}