{"id":"W3098374013","doi":"10.1016/j.ece.2020.11.002","title":"Process safety concerns in process system digitalization","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Education for Chemical Engineers","topic":"Fault Detection and Control Systems","field":"Engineering","cited_by":70,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"Dalhousie University; Memorial University of Newfoundland","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs","keywords":"Process safety; Process (computing); Work in process; Automation; Engineering; Instrumentation (computer programming); Computer science; Risk analysis (engineering); Curriculum; Process control; Computer security; Engineering management; Process management; Systems engineering; Operations management; Business","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0000360287,0.0001168647,0.0001498785,0.00004574964,0.00001482596,0.00002444651,0.00009397333,0.00007888801,0.000007116669],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0000850047,0.0001265432,0.00004074959,0.0003105818,0.000007844505,0.0001377729,0.000002349861,0.00007999048,0.00001249211],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.000164046,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00006052644,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.00000197399,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":4.345183e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9993388,0.000003710858,0.0002558,0.0001513458,0.0001012966,0.0001490364],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997118,0.00002183101,0.00002591123,0.00006584004,0.00006198011,0.0001126862],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0001754073,0.0001353037,0.0004635734,0.009318942,0.0001105762,9.459117e-7,0.01450913,0.9278241,0.02756857,0.003517092,0.007212717,0.00916362],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0007776432,0.00001774172,0.00001699722,0.000123096,0.00001218273,0.000003314995,0.006163174,0.9601811,0.02317396,0.00003086174,0.00921902,0.0002809599],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.7878323,0.0009887747,0.1653092,0.002250899,0.004509143,0.004054572,0.0001379129,0.004531137,0.03038597],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9991311,0.000001540342,0.00003352208,0.00007731815,0.0003082828,0.0003129277,0.00007853233,0.0000327725,0.00002393379],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2112988,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.5160282,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.00773625527246525,"score_gpt":0.2374982519857306,"score_spread":0.2297619967132654,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}