{"id":"W3099316611","doi":"10.21432/cjlt27894","title":"Online Learning: Practices, Perceptions, and Technology","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology","topic":"Online and Blended Learning","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":28,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Prince Edward Island","funders":"","keywords":"Attrition; Asynchronous communication; Online learning; Perception; Distance education; Mathematics education; Psychology; Educational technology; Electronic learning; Asynchronous learning; Likert scale; Quality (philosophy); Graduate students; Blended learning; Medical education; Computer science; Pedagogy; Teaching method; Synchronous learning; Multimedia; Cooperative learning; Medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":true,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.002001862,0.0001258035,0.00018464,0.001352223,0.001140806,0.003276332,0.0003268858,0.0004915873,0.001820822],"category_scores_gemma":[0.009888493,0.000116505,0.0001563376,0.001323467,0.0009947375,0.001770339,0.001640607,0.0006439844,0.0003069478],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005955149,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0009002056,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.003886516,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.005965252,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9981623,0.0005963832,0.0001376917,0.0001499391,0.0007010719,0.000252657],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9907584,0.003989556,0.002295495,0.0003119645,0.0008537567,0.001790697],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"qualitative","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0000461024,0.0007823656,0.8149818,0.000181127,0.0000238036,0.0003989458,0.09567209,0.00008645915,0.001840335,0.001110052,0.0004504672,0.08442648],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00000672041,0.0004129095,0.7456031,0.0001530692,0.00001849944,0.0008845051,0.2425058,0.0003110156,0.0005126935,0.0006685018,0.008896758,0.00002645999],"study_design_candidate":"qualitative","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9949453,0.000232811,0.0002139917,0.0002433552,0.000005683336,0.00001565468,0.00001592653,0.000004286568,0.004323026],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.999176,0.0002169133,0.0001779038,0.00004128894,0.000006355531,0.00000882575,0.00001343414,0.000001677783,0.0003577427],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.003886516,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.01058704,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02060711111778108,"score_gpt":0.3109069529591036,"score_spread":0.2902998418413225,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}