{"id":"W3103940923","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/201832880/pdf","title":"Disk stars in the Milky Way detected beyond 25 kpc from its center","year":2018,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology)","topic":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":30,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Colorado Boulder; Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias; Office of Science; Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie; Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Oxford; York University; Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; University of Notre Dame; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; National Development and Reform Commission; Carnegie Mellon University; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Washington; Johns Hopkins University; Carnegie Institution of Washington; University of Utah; Ohio State University; U.S. Department of Energy; Smithsonian Institution; New Mexico State University; University of Portsmouth; Vanderbilt University; Yale University; Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik","keywords":"Physics; Astrophysics; Milky Way; Thick disk; Stars; Metallicity; LAMOST; Star count; Galactic plane; Thin disk; Galactic Center; Halo; Galactic halo; Disc; Astronomy; Galaxy; Galaxy formation and evolution; K-type main-sequence star; T Tauri star","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0003048704,0.0001653824,0.0002237041,0.0016185,0.000333355,0.0007215535,0.0002428572,0.0002058835,0.0008774817],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0009385541,0.0001036281,0.0002161779,0.0009233518,0.0003231477,0.0003580403,0.0008471754,0.000159021,0.0003382304],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003197647,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002652862,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004038454,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.008756274,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9997421,0.00002474299,0.00001897407,0.0001044813,0.00005447344,0.00005528712],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9988899,0.0001108667,0.0005672203,0.0001086452,0.0001347813,0.0001887075],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00003938812,0.000007179646,0.9930877,0.00001998159,0.00004615525,0.00009055955,0.000123695,0.0000740711,0.002463287,0.00008901588,0.0001154629,0.003843503],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001654013,0.00001659465,0.9983299,0.00000669081,0.00002271861,0.0001399477,0.0001708877,0.0001143455,0.0003705061,0.0000405469,0.0007844103,0.000001810193],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9985223,0.0003694819,0.0001438091,0.00001627267,0.000002780792,0.000001863035,0.0003128121,0.00001557985,0.0006151543],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9987175,0.00009480478,0.0001793272,0.00001192243,0.000004222748,0.000002015059,0.0007196593,0.000003806082,0.0002667959],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004038454,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.008029878,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01139955326438393,"score_gpt":0.222433092491788,"score_spread":0.211033539227404,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}