{"id":"W3104873933","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3724731","title":"Task Specialization, Wage, and Immigration in Canada","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SSRN Electronic Journal","topic":"Labor Movements and Unions","field":"Social Sciences","cited_by":0,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Immigration; Wage; Metropolitan area; Task (project management); Demographic economics; Census; Economics; Labour economics; Compensation (psychology); Geography; Demography; Sociology; Psychology; Population","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.00116878,0.0002448138,0.000540895,0.001951483,0.007044413,0.002633894,0.001231055,0.0009627889,0.01151091],"category_scores_gemma":[0.004648235,0.000260697,0.0005357793,0.004738046,0.001399306,0.0007484108,0.001741576,0.001444526,0.0005339386],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.04000517,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.08706559,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":true,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.9966197,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.9987034,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9987503,0.00008217625,0.00004560887,0.000115401,0.0002165762,0.0007898568],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9956995,0.0005430398,0.0006365196,0.0000986151,0.00116248,0.00185979],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0004246849,0.0003094668,0.9430485,0.00007316679,0.00007817385,0.0002338215,0.00600097,0.00110307,0.0001863388,0.006834167,0.009342994,0.03236457],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00002657628,0.00004007334,0.9804195,0.00009554819,0.00003153448,0.00004014151,0.01123817,0.0008839229,0.00006537369,0.0006754575,0.006461385,0.00002236571],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9852507,0.001081223,0.00006531713,0.002033178,0.00003513106,0.00001552031,0.001312102,0.00001096249,0.01019581],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9904593,0.0006277327,0.00006837287,0.0001874131,0.00001292784,0.00000682572,0.0006355317,0.000007186133,0.007994735],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.04000517,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2902591,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.006397960396794982,"score_gpt":0.2281624920628063,"score_spread":0.2217645316660113,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}