{"id":"W3106865421","doi":"10.1021/acs.iecr.0c04464","title":"Modeling of Air-Gap Membrane Distillation and Comparative Study with Direct Contact Membrane Distillation","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research","topic":"Membrane Separation Technologies","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":58,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Membrane distillation; Volumetric flow rate; Materials science; Mass transfer; Membrane; Heat transfer; Permeation; Heat flux; Flux (metallurgy); Distillation; Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Concentration polarization; Heat exchanger; Mechanics; Chromatography; Desalination","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0005096797,0.0001977127,0.0003499841,0.00004377135,0.0001045625,0.00004055182,0.0002380495,0.0001554784,0.0001735284],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0005316914,0.000177462,0.00002658827,0.0006570393,0.0001388628,0.0001910657,0.0001915959,0.0005528966,0.000009395457],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001255294,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0000314682,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0002115833,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.00001039406,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980751,0.00006492851,0.0003423119,0.0004522997,0.0007671283,0.0002981961],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9992427,0.0002249784,0.0000722515,0.0002550573,0.00005380194,0.000151168],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0002246021,0.00004361047,0.003207571,0.00004718635,0.00003305838,0.000005160095,0.0005540808,0.4787885,0.5168893,0.00001091961,0.00002810091,0.0001679331],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.00120275,0.0003152068,0.0006341146,0.00004807804,0.00001925696,0.000003106531,0.0009364936,0.4566681,0.5397754,0.000003210859,0.0001796724,0.0002145468],"study_design_candidate":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_consensus":"bench_or_experimental","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9956916,0.00002238324,0.0001595093,0.000213056,0.00001911106,0.0006326005,0.00001679485,0.0001353263,0.003109646],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997074,0.000007602402,0.0000613938,0.000002182435,0.00008733068,0.0000338143,0.00001999853,0.00001714056,0.00006311017],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02288617,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7236689,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.1490640062200428,"score_gpt":0.328274948902917,"score_spread":0.1792109426828741,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}