{"id":"W3108718857","doi":"10.1007/s42452-020-03901-w","title":"Finite element analysis of elastic–plastic and fracture behavior in functionally graded materials (FGMs)","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"SN Applied Sciences","topic":"Metal Forming Simulation Techniques","field":"Engineering","cited_by":12,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McMaster University; University of Alberta","funders":"","keywords":"Materials science; Necking; Composite material; Ductility (Earth science); Strain hardening exponent; Gradation; Finite element method; Void (composites); Ultimate tensile strength; Volume fraction; Fracture (geology); Plasticity; Structural engineering; Creep","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002321019,0.0002266599,0.0002539788,0.0003997097,0.0002061888,0.0002786153,0.0006828278,0.0007436189,0.001711585],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0007063602,0.0002135713,0.0003233163,0.0002479356,0.0003913836,0.000269834,0.0002489972,0.0002570567,0.0002234777],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0003379047,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0003973006,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.004623438,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.004710782,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9999352,0.00001579223,0.000003159622,0.000007872834,0.00002644306,0.00001149781],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9998074,0.0001077365,0.00002257648,0.00001887514,0.0000348594,0.000008718889],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_gemma":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00002939235,0.0000421634,0.0007242658,0.00003783762,0.00001253121,0.00005477584,0.00004376692,0.9714174,0.01123643,0.007126112,0.0002287989,0.009046474],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000001619929,0.00000779444,0.0002438824,0.00000238439,0.000001615852,0.000009998662,0.000008286455,0.9980007,0.001071472,0.0004648701,0.0001856276,0.000001834491],"study_design_candidate":"simulation_or_modeling","study_design_consensus":"simulation_or_modeling","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.569554,0.0004086478,0.4106042,0.0002278372,0.00005855765,0.00006778239,0.0001999785,0.0004303977,0.01844861],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.96287,0.00008016955,0.03369994,0.00003164938,0.000007426356,0.00003402838,0.00007193668,0.00004662684,0.003158174],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.004623438,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.009193063,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02162145333298259,"score_gpt":0.2517906465571007,"score_spread":0.2301691932241181,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}