{"id":"W3108815066","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.102.122001","title":"Cosmic ray spectrum from 250 TeV to 10 PeV using IceTop","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Physical review. D/Physical review. D.","topic":"Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena","field":"Physics and Astronomy","cited_by":36,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta; Snolab","funders":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron; Science and Technology Facilities Council; Office of Polar Programs; College of Engineering, Michigan State University; Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics; Helmholtz Association; Chiba University; Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University; RWTH Aachen University; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse; Marsden Fund; Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung; Danmarks Grundforskningsfond; Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung; National Science Foundation; Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; University of Oxford; Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek; Marquette University; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Australian Research Council; Western Canada Research Grid; Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS; Polarforskningssekretariatet; University of Maryland; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; National Research Foundation of Korea; Villum Fonden; National Research Foundation; Michigan State University; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; University of Delaware; Compute Canada; Vetenskapsrådet; U.S. Department of Energy; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Carlsbergfondet","keywords":"Cosmic ray; Range (aeronautics); Energy spectrum; Detector; Physics; Energy (signal processing); Astrophysics; COSMIC cancer database; Spectrum (functional analysis); Astronomy; Optics; Aerospace engineering; Engineering","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":["metaepi_narrow","insufficient_payload"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0002019446,0.001059013,0.002718731,0.00004169298,0.0002493575,0.0001196789,0.001232282,0.00003528706,0.0006807854],"category_scores_gemma":[0.0001358162,0.0009139832,0.001348507,0.001571429,0.0001339465,0.000382571,0.0006455076,0.0008791963,0.006019793],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0001329897,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0002356073,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0001417859,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":5.661732e-7,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9949361,0.0003284797,0.001045029,0.001555234,0.0009706726,0.001164459],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9964043,0.0002904989,0.0005741357,0.001238017,0.000223303,0.001269734],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"not_applicable","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003494799,0.007290911,0.007706666,0.01016645,0.002334583,0.0000713561,0.001624979,0.0009405426,0.3183564,0.1714844,0.1396438,0.3400304],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.003013766,0.001738528,0.001975177,0.02407725,0.005282876,0.000002645808,0.0001927392,0.02935784,0.02585493,0.3838198,0.5179023,0.006782113],"study_design_candidate":"not_applicable","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.940966,0.01775779,0.008302078,0.01209595,0.0003106148,0.0037958,0.0007709137,0.0002859408,0.01571493],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9759244,0.003013622,0.0008660647,0.01298576,0.006396525,0.0002638945,0.0002819486,0.0001796368,0.00008816246],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.3782585,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.9993311,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02221694259296923,"score_gpt":0.3782048832791257,"score_spread":0.3559879406861565,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}