{"id":"W3108815630","doi":"10.3389/fphar.2020.594549","title":"Companies’ Health Technology Assessment Strategies and Practices in Australia, Canada, England, France, Germany, Italy and Spain: An Industry Metrics Study","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Frontiers in Pharmacology","topic":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","field":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance","cited_by":25,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"","keywords":"Reimbursement; Health technology; Business; Medicine; Product (mathematics); Accounting; Health care; Economic growth","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.03867345,0.0002787141,0.000482064,0.00864285,0.001309793,0.004248321,0.001117357,0.0008441584,0.0007249321],"category_scores_gemma":[0.07388082,0.0003487941,0.0006330056,0.009424254,0.001442128,0.001802638,0.002474584,0.0007086452,0.0001229644],"about_ca_system_candidate":true,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.02908211,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.02675096,"about_ca_topic_candidate":true,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.3075616,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.2982808,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9639623,0.0110826,0.004810693,0.002902983,0.01460937,0.00263201],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.844349,0.04390604,0.04432095,0.004248872,0.05297693,0.01019817],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":"evaluation","domain_candidate":"evaluation","domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0003319021,0.0002256978,0.9143845,0.0004753543,0.0002396986,0.0002112837,0.01320045,0.0005659383,0.0003549205,0.001147373,0.002648049,0.06621489],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0000228823,0.0001925754,0.9844894,0.0002592161,0.00007353772,0.0001615684,0.007785148,0.001093795,0.0002657399,0.00009122837,0.005519728,0.00004526791],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9881063,0.003470668,0.0007053619,0.001539469,0.0000169507,0.0002980372,0.0009956883,0.00003280766,0.004834705],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9961111,0.0009923887,0.001420193,0.0002755714,0.00001237808,0.0001323815,0.0006694409,0.00001197603,0.0003744718],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.9709179,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.6115428,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.09243305490311675,"score_gpt":0.3817879981659374,"score_spread":0.2893549432628207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}