{"id":"W3108923737","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105212","title":"Antimicrobial use and practices by animal health professionals in 20 sub-Saharan African countries","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Preventive Veterinary Medicine","topic":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":26,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of New Brunswick","funders":"","keywords":"Medical prescription; Medicine; Family medicine; Antimicrobial stewardship; Animal health; Health professionals; Environmental health; Antibiotic resistance; Nursing; Health care; Veterinary medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0004436245,0.0002467722,0.0001671087,0.001576928,0.0008679116,0.0007886825,0.000187375,0.0004638375,0.001388564],"category_scores_gemma":[0.001776885,0.0002816358,0.000180148,0.002439017,0.0006861214,0.0005765634,0.0008491384,0.0002649437,0.000157627],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0007103467,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0008516504,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.02827048,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.04107559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9995983,0.0001542035,0.0000457669,0.00003887699,0.00004062057,0.0001222576],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9991087,0.0002645281,0.0003701087,0.00001385672,0.0001001327,0.0001425931],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.00006588783,0.00008543507,0.9730268,0.00009241275,0.00002305246,0.0004883891,0.01934116,0.00003920128,0.0006872719,0.00008941376,0.0001235165,0.005937479],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.000004386275,0.0001299021,0.9562311,0.00007212655,0.00001584767,0.0003600141,0.0419899,0.00004994913,0.0001622704,0.00002857422,0.0009496644,0.000006197106],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9993203,0.0002258625,0.00001104541,0.00003846503,9.415708e-7,0.000004210614,0.0000686615,4.841266e-7,0.0003300974],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.998908,0.0006505742,0.00006377981,0.0000619321,0.000001932998,0.0000118176,0.00005554524,5.753508e-7,0.000245726],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.02827048,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.05621189,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.08359812915061915,"score_gpt":0.3733906260848908,"score_spread":0.2897924969342717,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}