{"id":"W3108944639","doi":"10.1002/aws2.1208","title":"Occurrence of nitrosamines and their precursors in North American drinking waters","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"AWWA Water Science","topic":"Water Treatment and Disinfection","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":8,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"American Water (Canada); University of Alberta","funders":"Water Research Foundation","keywords":"Chloramination; Chloramine; Chemistry; Environmental chemistry; Chlorine; N-Nitrosodimethylamine; Ozone; Ammonia; Chloride; Chlorine dioxide; Bromide; Carcinogen; Inorganic chemistry; Organic chemistry","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":true,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001188293,0.0001039922,0.0001206984,0.00004707328,0.00008011628,0.0000364795,0.0002149616,0.000008728526,0.00002143968],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00001064908,0.00006126717,0.00001717555,0.0005938162,0.0009257612,0.0004691973,0.0002281581,0.00004410175,0.00003748651],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00002920594,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.000005420238,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0005510166,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0002966559,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9990759,0.0000188399,0.0001336302,0.0003340394,0.0001672924,0.0002703259],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9997402,0.00001134849,0.00003923204,0.0001063889,0.000005906988,0.00009695359],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.000007717658,0.00002144116,0.9471991,0.000003259556,0.000001073464,0.000001376889,0.008092279,0.0001976586,0.04053661,0.000001162656,0.000009448027,0.003928863],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0001691426,0.0001739174,0.7494624,0.000004575652,0.000003621736,0.000002277501,0.0003131668,0.0006657381,0.248915,0.00003911146,0.0001213447,0.0001296783],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":"observational","genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9992275,0.000004058283,0.00004952583,0.0003441449,0.00003937399,0.00009949013,0.00000395481,0.00001929052,0.0002126128],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9997274,0.000007433739,0.0001487773,0.00009321819,0.000005975216,0.000005680469,0.000004861652,0.000002155024,0.000004461005],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.2083784,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.3411006,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.01000125944627351,"score_gpt":0.1976013803592496,"score_spread":0.1876001209129761,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}