{"id":"W3110517715","doi":"10.1016/j.apsoil.2020.103786","title":"Fall-applied manure with cover crop did not increase nitrous oxide emissions during spring freeze-thaw periods","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Applied Soil Ecology","topic":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","field":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","cited_by":21,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"McGill University","funders":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","keywords":"Vicia villosa; Denitrification; Agronomy; Lolium multiflorum; Environmental science; Soil water; Manure; Nitrous oxide; Loam; Cover crop; Nitrogen; Chemistry; Soil science; Biology","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"codex-gemma-dda1882f352a","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.0001165483,0.0003474407,0.0004572281,0.00001994623,0.0004445061,0.00007172288,0.0004257519,0.0002899727,0.000298724],"category_scores_gemma":[0.00003370383,0.000163139,0.0001103564,0.0003339608,0.0001744074,0.00005228857,0.0002922609,0.0004303708,0.0002253154],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.00006423271,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00003801502,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.001996164,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.01365473,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9980365,0.00004778779,0.0003202264,0.0006850463,0.0002547971,0.0006556244],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.9990609,0.0001664109,0.0001473138,0.0001367117,0.00004290609,0.0004457314],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"bench_or_experimental","study_design_gemma":"observational","study_design_scores_codex":[0.001263637,0.0002019886,0.2076474,0.00003801336,0.0001299411,0.0001690598,0.0004021406,0.0006735342,0.7848673,0.002612057,0.0002912749,0.001703611],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.001464132,0.0002973552,0.9719868,0.000009049359,0.00009425355,0.00004375839,0.0007740123,0.0006914581,0.02165832,0.0001696109,0.002051918,0.0007593197],"study_design_candidate":"observational","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"empirical","genre_scores_codex":[0.9868744,0.00001817586,0.00000588247,0.001311311,0.00005169327,0.0003456781,0.00004785302,0.0002707512,0.01107425],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9957382,0.00001965515,0.0002202834,0.003400629,0.0002807566,0.0001050139,0.00006623357,0.000008720631,0.0001605006],"genre_candidate":"empirical","genre_consensus":"empirical","teacher_disagreement_score":0.7643394,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.7619662,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.009151172802179395,"score_gpt":0.1842325422942494,"score_spread":0.17508136949207,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}