{"id":"W3111141355","doi":"10.1016/j.jmva.2020.104711","title":"Testing independence of functional variables by angle covariance","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Journal of Multivariate Analysis","topic":"Isotope Analysis in Ecology","field":"Environmental Science","cited_by":19,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":false,"ca_institutions":"University of Alberta","funders":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","keywords":"Mathematics; Covariance; Rational quadratic covariance function; Matérn covariance function; Law of total covariance; Test statistic; Covariance function; Statistics; Multivariate random variable; Independence (probability theory); Estimation of covariance matrices; Random variable; Applied mathematics; Covariance mapping; Estimator; Covariance intersection; Statistical hypothesis testing","routes":{"ca_aff":true,"ca_fund":false,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":false},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":[],"consensus_categories":[],"category_scores_codex":[0.02137995,0.001011533,0.001227138,0.001582285,0.001070232,0.002148533,0.001821254,0.001323235,0.006593916],"category_scores_gemma":[0.1185363,0.0008036409,0.003062266,0.001182072,0.004778292,0.003705147,0.002317005,0.002212493,0.0007157578],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.0005368873,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.00152199,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.002705471,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.001702709,"domain_scores_codex":[0.9771159,0.01313603,0.001323384,0.004325047,0.002719949,0.001379798],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.715458,0.256249,0.006246404,0.01458742,0.004855382,0.002603919],"domain_codex":null,"domain_gemma":null,"domain_candidate":null,"domain_consensus":null,"study_design_codex":"observational","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.007727987,0.001018457,0.7976937,0.0001992556,0.002786348,0.00068184,0.001443971,0.01560291,0.03189762,0.02296184,0.001331534,0.1166546],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.0006644722,0.002440353,0.6484688,0.00008427416,0.000886115,0.001461083,0.001496182,0.249827,0.01590259,0.07675593,0.001823025,0.0001900947],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"empirical","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.8615504,0.0001043231,0.1327713,0.0001858861,0.00007536708,0.00008066191,0.000491863,0.0001515389,0.004588681],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.9887714,0.00003737272,0.00981005,0.0000502799,0.00004829016,0.00005736283,0.0006085795,0.00006834734,0.0005483202],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":null,"teacher_disagreement_score":0.02137995,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.1130693,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.02228417015703179,"score_gpt":0.2422285378017368,"score_spread":0.219944367644705,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}