{"id":"W3112964578","doi":"10.1161/circulationaha.120.051718","title":"Emulating Randomized Clinical Trials With Nonrandomized Real-World Evidence Studies","year":2020,"lang":"en","type":"article","venue":"Circulation","topic":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","field":"Mathematics","cited_by":297,"is_retracted":false,"has_abstract":true,"ca_institutions":"","funders":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; McGill University; National Institute on Aging; Harvard University; Vanderbilt University","keywords":"Medicine; Randomized controlled trial; Confounding; Propensity score matching; Hazard ratio; Placebo; Clinical trial; Clinical endpoint; Research design; Proxy (statistics); Clinical study design; Confidence interval; Internal medicine; Statistics; Alternative medicine","routes":{"ca_aff":false,"ca_fund":true,"ca_venue":false,"about_ca":false,"invisible_to_affiliation_only":true},"retraction":null,"screen":null,"direct_labels":[],"prediction":{"model_version":"metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061c","candidate_categories":["metaresearch"],"consensus_categories":["metaresearch"],"category_scores_codex":[0.8319889,0.004713647,0.009840949,0.01134424,0.00161447,0.01288326,0.01191513,0.008400866,0.007398614],"category_scores_gemma":[0.9054288,0.005331047,0.01438662,0.008763396,0.01311773,0.01269084,0.01043721,0.008229705,0.001884533],"about_ca_system_candidate":false,"about_ca_system_consensus":false,"about_ca_system_score_codex":0.007618624,"about_ca_system_score_gemma":0.0124819,"about_ca_topic_candidate":false,"about_ca_topic_consensus":false,"about_ca_topic_score_codex":0.0007780949,"about_ca_topic_score_gemma":0.0007830357,"domain_scores_codex":[0.05302263,0.8649918,0.0505246,0.01290105,0.0178799,0.000680089],"domain_scores_gemma":[0.03863227,0.8140991,0.04969933,0.08574565,0.01110209,0.0007216009],"domain_codex":"methods","domain_gemma":"methods","domain_candidate":"methods","domain_consensus":"methods","study_design_codex":"design_other","study_design_gemma":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_scores_codex":[0.0263824,0.00264973,0.04380776,0.06881231,0.07255123,0.001398027,0.006214097,0.1263407,0.00260229,0.2740687,0.01117268,0.3640002],"study_design_scores_gemma":[0.04003824,0.0173528,0.01260391,0.02905811,0.02515062,0.001235805,0.001113001,0.2204157,0.009435215,0.5654876,0.07704242,0.001066713],"study_design_candidate":"theoretical_or_conceptual","study_design_consensus":null,"genre_codex":"methods","genre_gemma":"methods","genre_scores_codex":[0.0132592,0.006281731,0.9239872,0.004747826,0.002032474,0.04460464,0.001070765,0.0008312997,0.003184829],"genre_scores_gemma":[0.121334,0.001659505,0.8086676,0.002723033,0.0007665109,0.06374163,0.0006577414,0.0001472796,0.0003027306],"genre_candidate":"methods","genre_consensus":"methods","teacher_disagreement_score":0.1680111,"threshold_uncertainty_score":0.2071876,"prediction_status":"machine_predicted_unvalidated"},"machine_scores":{"provisional":true,"baseline":true,"maturity_gate_passed":false,"score_opus":0.7113316494914241,"score_gpt":0.5902829400891217,"score_spread":0.1210487094023024,"validation_status":"score_only:v0-immature-baseline","note":"Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed). Scores rank; they never assert a category."}}